The Impact of Environmental Humidity on Corrugated Board and Carton Strength

 1. Corrugated Board Corrugated board is glued by box board and corrugated original paper, which is a composite board used to manufacture corrugated cardboard box. Raw materials of corrugated board are mostly plant fiber raw materials, although different in types,  its chemical composition is mostly cellulose, hemi cellulose, lignin and a all amount of starch, pectin, resin, etc., and cellulose is the primary chemical composition of plant fiber, accounting for more than 50% of all kinds of paper raw materials. Cellulose is a polymer compound, generated by glucose polymerization, each glucose radical ring contains 3 alcohol hydroxyl groups, so that cellulose molecules and molecules have a strong hydrogen bond, cellulose is very easy to absorb water and swelling, the fiber internal cell wall structure becomes relaxed, cohesion decreases. This is the micro-reason that corrugated carton are sensitive to humidity changes .Therefore, the variety of environmental humidity will have a great impact on the performance of corrugated board. 2.Corrugated board strength under different humidity conditions                                                                               (1) . Experimental EquipmentConstant temperature and humidity box, corrugated board cutting device,  electronic compression tester, a test equipment used for corrugated board edge pressure strength and adhesion strength , piercing strength tester, used for corrugated board piercing strength .(2). Experimental MethodsThe experimental raw material is AB five-layer corrugated board provided by carton factory, with an average thickness of 8.00mm. Sampling is conducted according to GB/T 450-1979. Test specimen under temperature is 20 ℃, humidity is 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively under the condition of 24 h, according to the GB/T 6546-1998 corrugated cardboard marginal pressure strength measurement, GB/T 6548-1998 corrugated cardboard gluing strength measurement and GB/T 2679.7-2005 board puncture strength measuring method.(3). Experimental ResultsTest the edge pressure strength, adhesion strength and puncture strength of corrugated board under different humidity conditions. The experimental data are shown in table 1.                                   (4). Analysis of ResultFrom the data of table 1, it can be seen that the edge pressure strength and adhesive strength of corrugated board decrease with the increase of environmental humidity; When the relative humidity is 20% ~ 60%, the puncture strength increases with the increase of humidity, and decreases when the relative humidity exceeds 60%. When the relative humidity increased from 20% to 40%, the strength decreased significantly, and the relative humidity decreased by 16.4%. When the relative humidity increased from 60% to 80%, the adhesive strength decreased by 18.5%, and the puncture strength increased by 775% when the relative humidity increased from 20% to 40%. Environmental humidity on corrugated carton strength 1. Corrugated carton compression strength under different humidity conditionsCorrugated box compressive strength is mainly affected by corrugated board edge compression strength and adhesion strength. In different humidity conditions, corrugated board edge compression strength is obviously different, therefore, corrugated box compressive strength is also affected by environmental humidity. The compressive strength of corrugated cartons under different humidity conditions is shown in table 2.             As shown from the data in table 2, the compressive strength of corrugated cartons decreases with the increase of environmental humidity. This is because as the rise of environmental humidity, the moisture content of paper board is increase, the cellulose in corrugated board became loose after absorption of moisture, and moisture absorption rate of linerboard and inner linerboard are different , resulting in different rate in the process of the pressure on the deformation, so the compressive strength of corrugated carton decreased as the rise of environmental humidity. Corrugated carton no matter in production or in the process of circulation will be affected by the environmental humidity. Therefore, reasonable control in the production, warehouse storage and  environmental humidity during transportation, will have a positive impact on the use of corrugated board, carton. In addition, the production of corrugated board raw materials with moisture, moisture resistance agent has gradually become a developing direction to a new type corrugated cardboard box .  

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The Impact of Environmental Humidity on Corrugated Board and Carton Strength

 1. Corrugated Board Corrugated board is glued by box board and corrugated original paper, which is a composite board used to manufacture corrugated cardboard box. Raw materials of corrugated board are mostly plant fiber raw materials, although different in types,  its chemical composition is mostly cellulose, hemi cellulose, lignin and a all amount of starch, pectin, resin, etc., and cellulose is the primary chemical composition of plant fiber, accounting for more than 50% of all kinds of paper raw materials. Cellulose is a polymer compound, generated by glucose polymerization, each glucose radical ring contains 3 alcohol hydroxyl groups, so that cellulose molecules and molecules have a strong hydrogen bond, cellulose is very easy to absorb water and swelling, the fiber internal cell wall structure becomes relaxed, cohesion decreases. This is the micro-reason that corrugated carton are sensitive to humidity changes .Therefore, the variety of environmental humidity will have a great impact on the performance of corrugated board. 2.Corrugated board strength under different humidity conditions                                                                              (1) . Experimental EquipmentConstant temperature and humidity box, corrugated board cutting device,  electronic compression tester, a test equipment used for corrugated board edge pressure strength and adhesion strength , piercing strength tester, used for corrugated board piercing strength .(2). Experimental MethodsThe experimental raw material is AB five-layer corrugated board provided by carton factory, with an average thickness of 8.00mm. Sampling is conducted according to GB/T 450-1979. Test specimen under temperature is 20 ℃, humidity is 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively under the condition of 24 h, according to the GB/T 6546-1998 corrugated cardboard marginal pressure strength measurement, GB/T 6548-1998 corrugated cardboard gluing strength measurement and GB/T 2679.7-2005 board puncture strength measuring method.(3). Experimental ResultsTest the edge pressure strength, adhesion strength and puncture strength of corrugated board under different humidity conditions. The experimental data are shown in table 1.                   (4). Analysis of ResultFrom the data of table 1, it can be seen that the edge pressure strength and adhesive strength of corrugated board decrease with the increase of environmental humidity; When the relative humidity is 20% ~ 60%, the puncture strength increases with the increase of humidity, and decreases when the relative humidity exceeds 60%. When the relative humidity increased from 20% to 40%, the strength decreased significantly, and the relative humidity decreased by 16.4%. When the relative humidity increased from 60% to 80%, the adhesive strength decreased by 18.5%, and the puncture strength increased by 775% when the relative humidity increased from 20% to 40%. Environmental humidity on corrugated carton strength 1. Corrugated carton compression strength under different humidity conditionsCorrugated box compressive strength is mainly affected by corrugated board edge compression strength and adhesion strength. In different humidity conditions, corrugated board edge compression strength is obviously different, therefore, corrugated box compressive strength is also affected by environmental humidity. The compressive strength of corrugated cartons under different humidity conditions is shown in table 2.        As shown from the data in table 2, the compressive strength of corrugated cartons decreases with the increase of environmental humidity. This is because as the rise of environmental humidity, the moisture content of paper board is increase, the cellulose in corrugated board became loose after absorption of moisture, and moisture absorption rate of linerboard and inner linerboard are different , resulting in different rate in the process of the pressure on the deformation, so the compressive strength of corrugated carton decreased as the rise of environmental humidity. Corrugated carton no matter in production or in the process of circulation will be affected by the environmental humidity. Therefore, reasonable control in the production, warehouse storage and  environmental humidity during transportation, will have a positive impact on the use of corrugated board, carton. In addition, the production of corrugated board raw materials with moisture, moisture resistance agent has gradually become a developing direction to a new type corrugated cardboard box .  

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The Impact of Environmental Humidity on Corrugated Board and Carton Strength

1. Corrugated Board Corrugated board is glued by box board and corrugated original paper, which is a composite board used to manufacture corrugated cardboard box. Raw materials of corrugated board are mostly plant fiber raw materials, although different in types,  its chemical composition is mostly cellulose, hemi cellulose, lignin and a all amount of starch, pectin, resin, etc., and cellulose is the primary chemical composition of plant fiber, accounting for more than 50% of all kinds of paper raw materials. Cellulose is a polymer compound, generated by glucose polymerization, each glucose radical ring contains 3 alcohol hydroxyl groups, so that cellulose molecules and molecules have a strong hydrogen bond, cellulose is very easy to absorb water and swelling, the fiber internal cell wall structure becomes relaxed, cohesion decreases. This is the micro-reason that corrugated carton are sensitive to humidity changes .Therefore, the variety of environmental humidity will have a great impact on the performance of corrugated board. 2.Corrugated board strength under different humidity conditions                                                                                                                                          (1) . Experimental EquipmentConstant temperature and humidity box, corrugated board cutting device,  electronic compression tester, a test equipment used for corrugated board edge pressure strength and adhesion strength , piercing strength tester, used for corrugated board piercing strength .(2). Experimental MethodsThe experimental raw material is AB five-layer corrugated board provided by carton factory, with an average thickness of 8.00mm. Sampling is conducted according to GB/T 450-1979. Test specimen under temperature is 20 ℃, humidity is 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% respectively under the condition of 24 h, according to the GB/T 6546-1998 corrugated cardboard marginal pressure strength measurement, GB/T 6548-1998 corrugated cardboard gluing strength measurement and GB/T 2679.7-2005 board puncture strength measuring method.(3). Experimental ResultsTest the edge pressure strength, adhesion strength and puncture strength of corrugated board under different humidity conditions. The experimental data are shown in table 1.                        (4). Analysis of ResultFrom the data of table 1, it can be seen that the edge pressure strength and adhesive strength of corrugated board decrease with the increase of environmental humidity; When the relative humidity is 20% ~ 60%, the puncture strength increases with the increase of humidity, and decreases when the relative humidity exceeds 60%. When the relative humidity increased from 20% to 40%, the strength decreased significantly, and the relative humidity decreased by 16.4%. When the relative humidity increased from 60% to 80%, the adhesive strength decreased by 18.5%, and the puncture strength increased by 775% when the relative humidity increased from 20% to 40%. Environmental humidity on corrugated carton strength 1. Corrugated carton compression strength under different humidity conditionsCorrugated box compressive strength is mainly affected by corrugated board edge compression strength and adhesion strength. In different humidity conditions, corrugated board edge compression strength is obviously different, therefore, corrugated box compressive strength is also affected by environmental humidity. The compressive strength of corrugated cartons under different humidity conditions is shown in table 2.         As shown from the data in table 2, the compressive strength of corrugated cartons decreases with the increase of environmental humidity. This is because as the rise of environmental humidity, the moisture content of paper board is increase, the cellulose in corrugated board became loose after absorption of moisture, and moisture absorption rate of linerboard and inner linerboard are different , resulting in different rate in the process of the pressure on the deformation, so the compressive strength of corrugated carton decreased as the rise of environmental humidity. Corrugated carton no matter in production or in the process of circulation will be affected by the environmental humidity. Therefore, reasonable control in the production, warehouse storage and  environmental humidity during transportation, will have a positive impact on the use of corrugated board, carton. In addition, the production of corrugated board raw materials with moisture, moisture resistance agent has gradually become a developing direction to a new type corrugated cardboard box .  

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Inspection of base paper and corrugated board and its influencing factors on quality

Moisture Content of Base Paper and Board and its Influencing Factors Moisture content refers to the moisture content in the base paper or cardboard, expressed as a percentage. The quality standard of water content of carton base paper varies due to different paper grades, of which the water content standard of corrugating medium is: Top grade and first grade are 8.0% plus or minus 2.0% : 80% + 30% of qualified products. The standard of moisture content of carton board is: top grade 8.0% plus or minus 2.0% : first grade, qualified product is 9.0% plus or minus 2.0% : corrugated board delivery moisture content standard: not more than 14%. The moisture content of base paper and corrugated board has a great impact on the strength of the carton body, therefore, this is the main reason why moisture content has become one of the three export carton heavy defect inspection items. Because corrugated has a certain pressure resistance, tensile resistance, puncture resistance and folding strength, if its moisture content is too high, the paper will appear soft, poor stiffness, and the flute and gluing quality will also be badly affected . If the moisture content is significantly lower than the lower limit of the standard value, the paper will be too brittle, flute will be prone to fracture, and the folding tolerance is poor. If the online production of corrugated paper and cardboard moisture content gap is too large, corrugated board produced by single-sided machine , not only flute shape and hardness is not good, and corrugated board is also easy to crimping deformation, when laminating, it is easy to appear foaming and degumming, so that the strength of the carton decreased significantly. To calculate the moisture content of the base paper or corrugated board, the more accurate detection method is to use the drying method, that is, samples a number of from different parts of , with a balance weighing about 50 grams of sample, and tear it into pieces and put it into the oven, drying to constant weight state, you can find out its moisture content. The formula for calculating the moisture content is:   Corrugated Board Thickness and its Influencing Factors Corrugated board thickness is also one of the export carton appearance heavy defect inspection items. Corrugated board thickness index, directly affects the cardboard edge compression strength, puncture strength and compressive strength and other properties. And the impact of corrugated board thickness index has a variety of reasons, For example, corrugated roller tooth tip (top) part becomes low after wearing, the guide paper is not adjusted, the speed of the single-side machine is too fast, excessive external pressure and the corrugated roller temperature is low. If the corrugated board thickness is too thin, its edge compression strength, puncture strength and compressive strength and other properties, will also decline. Corrugated board thickness refers to the vertical distance between up and low surface under certain pressure, usually use corrugated board thickness gauge in the experiment to detect the thickness of the cardboard, when doing measure, choose a number of parts on cardboard without damage, scoring, collapse ( not less than 50 mm from the edge) as a testing point, respectively measured between the measuring head and anvil, and read the dial indicator measuring value respectively. The sample quantity is generally 10, and finally, the average value is obtained, which is the test result. Flute shape is different , so is the thickness. According to the standard provisions of corrugated board: type A flute height is 4.5mm ~ 5.0mm:  type C flute height is 3.5mm ~ 4.0mm;Type B flute height is 2.5mm ~ 3.0mm: type E flute height is 1.1mm ~ 2.0mm: type F flute height is 0.6mm ~ 0.9mm.The test results show that the thickness of corrugated cardboard is high, then there is high probability that cardboard box vertical compression and plane compression performance is also relatively high .However, if the use of high physical indicators of the base paper to make a little thin corrugated board, the production of the carton vertical compression and surface compression resistance will be higher than the thickness of the carton. Therefore, if corrugated roll wear and make corrugated board thickness thinner, so that the corrugated layer of the base paper consumption is correspondingly reduced, it can be considered to appropriately improve the technical indicators of the base paper strength, to make up for the adjustment of cardboard performance, so that the quality of cartons and production costs are effectively taken into account. Corrugated Board Edge Compression Strength and its Influencing Factors Corrugated board edge compression strength is to take a certain width of the sample for testing, and to see its pressure holding within unit length, if also refers to the technical performance that bear pressure paralleled to the direction of corrugation. In accordance with the relevant inspection rules, samples for the test should be qualified as at least 10 specimens with no signs of mechanical or man-made damage, including those without printing marks and appearance defects.The corrugated direction of the cut sample shall be short side, the sample size shall be 25mmX100mm, and the error shall be plus or minus 0.5mm. To meet the basic requirements, on the basis of the test conducted by the author, the knife edge of the sampler should maintain absolute sharp , blade that on a holder should be installed in right position, the mouth of blade and slot into the angle can be adjusted to 45 for fitness, and when installing a blade its tip should be avoid touching the bottom of the groove, so as to prevent blade bending deformation, in that way,  edge corrugated of the sample will not appear damage and fluffiness. The conversion formula of the detected edge-pressure strength is: R=F/LX10 cubed. R is the compressive strength of corrugated board sample edge, represented by N/m; F is the force value  when the sample is crushed: L is the size of the long side of the sample in mm. Corrugated board edge compression strength standards is varied due to the different minimum comprehensive quantitative , reference to GB/t6544-2008 on corrugated board standards for details. Marginal pressure strength is the important technical indexes of the corrugated carton strength, stiffness of the base paper, quantitative, folding, burst index and ring crush strength of corrugated paper and carton board, white board stiffness of corrugated linerboard, the stiffness of the adhesive quality of the corrugated cardboard, and indicators such as the moisture content of base paper and corrugated board of corrugated cardboard marginal pressure strength will produce certain effect.In order to control the edge compression strength of corrugated board, it is necessary to check and control from these related technical indicators. Corrugated Board Adhesion Strength and its Influencing FactorsFlute peak adhesion degree of linerboard, inner linerboard, medium and corrugated paper in a certain unit of length by applying the test that withstand the maximum peeling force, called corrugated board adhesion strength. According to GB/t6544-2008 corrugated board standard provisions, adhesive strength of any adhesive layer of corrugated board should not be less than 400N/m. Adhesion strength test, mainly to test the corrugated board adhesion, mounting fastness. A type of corrugated board testing, thrusting needle of the stripping frame should useφ3mm, while corrugated hole of B, C type corrugated board is relatively thin, thrusting needle should use φ2mm . Each thrusting needle on the stripping frame should be exactly aligned with the center of the corrugated groove, and adjust separation distance equally , then tighten and fix each screw.  10 single corrugated board, 20 double corrugated board or 30 three-layer corrugated board (25mm + 0.5mm) samples are required for the test of adhesive strength. The corrugated direction is short side (i.e., 25mm). The material should be intact without degumming or foaming.The sample size is 25mmX80mm, with an error of + / - 1.0mm, so as to better ensure the accuracy of detection. The conversion formula of adhesive strength is: P=F/(n-1)XL. P is the adhesion strength of corrugated board sample, unit is newtons per meter, represented by N/m: F is the force value  when the sample is separated, N is the number of needles inserted into the sample: L is the length of the short side of the sample, that is, 0.025m. The quality of adhesives, formula, the moisture content of the base paper, as well as equipment, operating process and other factors are appropriate or not, determines the adhesion strength of cardboard, and the adhesion strength of cardboard, and to a large extent affects the strength of corrugated board properties, such as compressive strength, breaking strength and puncture strength and other properties. Therefore, the control of corrugated board bonding strength quality, has a crucial role. Corrugated Board Puncture Strength and its Influencing FactorsThe work done through corrugated board with a certain shape of angle cone, the energy shown is called corrugated board puncture strength, its unit is: The index of puncture strength is tested by the puncture strength tester. During detection, 3 sample boxes with good appearance are selected, and 4 pieces of cardboard without damage, watermark, scoring and other appearance defects are taken from the wall of each sample box, 12 pieces of test samples with the specification of 175mmX175mm are taken. When cutting samples, the starting line should be parallel to corrugated.The instrument shall be zeroed and calibrated every time before test, followed by:(1) After the hammer and sample splint removal, put the pointer to the maximum value of the pendulum in the starting position of the test, press the release device of the pendulum, swing pendulum should make the pointer pointing to the "O" position, otherwise, it is necessary to adjust the adjustment screw:(2) According to the general strength of the sample,the appropriate weight hammer, so that the measurement value in the measurement range of 20% ~ 80% :(3) The sample is firmly clamped in the middle of the test board, the pointer is set to the highest scale value, the friction ring is set behind the corner cone, the pendulum is locked to the starting position of the test:(4) Press the release device, so that the pendulum arm to push the cone through the sample, and then read the detection value:(5) Positive, negative, vertical, horizontal and other detection values, find the arithmetic average, retain three significant digits.During the test, it should be noted that: the sample should be clamped tightly. If slip occurs, the test value should be regarded as invalid. Corrugated board puncture strength index, GB/t6544-2008 corrugated board standard has not been included in the test items, and only export commodity transport packaging is included in the test items.The fiber toughness, hardness, tightness, moisture content, quantitative and cardboard adhesion strength and thickness of cardboard, has a direct impact on the puncture strength of a corrugated board.Corrugated Board of Burst Strength and its Influencing FactorsCorrugated board in a certain test conditions, the maximum vertical pressure uniformly increased that bear within its unit area is the corrugated board burst strength, its unit is expressed in KPa. When sampling, we should pay attention to cut 12 pieces samples with no watermark, folds, wrinkles, damage, specifications of 140mm x 140mm , that is, take 4 pieces respectively from 3 sample boxes, one side of the sample should be parallel to fluting. In the detection of burst strength, the samples were divided into two groups. One group was tested with the rubber film affixed to the front, and the other group was tested with the rubber film affixed to the back. When the samples were crushed, the test values were read.The sum of the detection values of each sample is divided by the number of samples to obtain the detection results. The fiber toughness, hardness and paper thickness, quantitative, compactness, moisture content and cardboard adhesion strength, etc., have a certain impact on corrugated board burst strength.Folding Strength of Base Paper and Corrugated Board and its Influencing FactorsCarton as a kind of packaging container, its shaking cover needs to be opened frequently, which requires the base paper should have a certain folding strength, so as to improve the folding strength of carton shaking cover. Transverse folding strength is the test to base paper under the condition of a certain tension, speed and angle made by samples in the specifications of 150 mm * 15 mm repeated folding test over 135°angle , when the pattern breaks, it is the number of tests of folding strength. The method of carton cover detection is, shake cover after 5 rounds of manual inspection over 180°, no crack on the linerboard layer and inner layer,then the test result is qualified . The paste properties , moisture content of base paper, compactness, fiber length and gluing fastness of the box board paper and whiteboard paper, as well as the storage time and temperature of the base paper that affected by factors, largely determine the folding strength of base paper. Therefore, to improve the folding strength of cartons, we should first pay attention to the quality of control base paper.The Ring Crust Index of Base Paper and its Influencing FactorsThe test of column strength of base paper ring is toa sample of a certain size into a circular tray to form a circular ring on the side of the sample, and then put it into the pressure plate of the compression meter for electric uniform compression, the value shown is the compression strength of the ring crust when the sample is crushed . The standard sample size should be: 152.0mm in length (longitudinal) + / - 0.2mm, 12.7mm in width + / - 0.1mm. 10 pieces are taken for testing, 5 pieces of which are front facing outwards for testing, and the other 5 pieces of which are opposite facing outwards for testing in a circular tray. After that, an average value of the 10 pieces of test results is calculated for conversion.Because the calculation formula of ring crust index requires the quantitative data of samples, according to the author's understanding and testing experience, the quantitative test value has a direct impact on the results of ring crust index conversion. Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of detection, it is necessary to pay attention to the accurate quantitative detection, which requires the quantitative detection of samples should have a certain representativeness, for this reason, it is best to take 10 samples from different parts of the horizontal paper cylinder for detection, to find the average value, so that the detection data is relatively accurate. If 10 samples are taken from a certain longitudinal part of the paper cylinder, the detection value is usually not representative, because the error of transverse thickness is relatively larger than the longitudinal error. In addition, the accuracy of specimen thickness measurement is related to the test results of column strength. Because of the thickness of the specimen is different, the diameter of the tray core used to measure the column strength is also different. Therefore, the thickness detection should also use several points of different parts of the test, and use its average value as the final test results. The measurement of thickness index has to be  accurate, so that the clearance of sample in the tray is suitable, and the accuracy of column strength can be ensured. This requires that the selection of the corresponding pallet specifications (diameter) must be strictly in accordance with the thickness of the sample .The compactness of the base paper, the quantitative, to a large extent, affects its column strength index. Paper with good column strength, its ring crust index is also high; Only by measuring the column strength value can the ring crust index value be obtained. The following is the conversion formula of column strength and ring crust index:(1 ) Column Strength: R=F / 152.Where: R represents the column strength, unit KN/m; F is the force value when the sample is crushed, unit N;152 is the length of the sample in mm.(2) Ring Crust Index: Rd=1000R/W.Where, Rd represents the ring crust index, unit Nm/g: R represents the ring crust intensity, unit KN/m; W is the quantity of the sample, unit g/m2. The Tensile Strength of Base Paper and its Influencing FactorsBecause the drum corrugated paper on the single-sided machine paper rack and cardboard paper must withstand a certain tension in the process of transportation, so as to prevent the emergence of broken paper, this requires that the base paper should have good tensile properties, that is to say, the base paper tensile strength index should meet the requirements of production. Though the standards for the production of corrugated paper, cardboard or white paper board do not include the tensile strength, the factory can develop the corresponding enterprise standards according to actual production situation, and it’s conducive for production to control the technical indicators of the tensile strength of the base paper. Tensile strength is generally measured by the tensile strength of a sample of with a certain width stretched to the fracture under constant speed loading. The width of tensile strength specimen is 15mm and the length is greater than 180mm, which can be detected by pendulum tension tester.When testing, the standard sample is clamped between the upper and lower clamps. Driven by the tranission device, the lower chuck decreases at a certain constant speed and is transferred to the upper chuck through the sample. The upper chuck deflected the pendulum by a certain angle through the chain. When the specimen breaks, the tensile value can be read from the scale . DLS liquid crystal display electronic tensile testing machine is now used to detect the tensile strength of the base paper, so that the efficiency and accuracy of detection are more competitive. There are many factors influencing tensile strength, such as the quality of papermaking materials and the effect of papermaking technology on the fiber bonding fastness. The quantitative, thickness, rupture resistance, column strength and other indicators of the base paper also have a  greater impact on tensile strength.To sum up, base paper and corrugated board not only are the basic materials to make the cartons, but is the source control links of the carton quality. If the purchasing quality of the base paper as well as the quality of corrugated board production controls well, it means that the quality of carton production base will be more reliable guaranteed. Therefore, as long as to correctly  understand the knowledge of base paper,the scientific and reasonable detection methods, and better control of corrugated board production, then solid foundation will be laid to improve the production efficiency and product quality of carton , it is also the deep feeling of  the author after a long-term working in front-line of carton production.   --If there is Copyright Dispute about the content, please Contact us to Delete.

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